/* Concreterra.com: editorial surfaces, material studies and motion. */
:root{--paper:#f7f6f3;--stone:#e9e8e3;--graphite:#222b31;--copper:#b68059;--blue:#123f72;--motion-ease:cubic-bezier(.2,.65,.25,1)}
body{background:#fff;color:var(--graphite)}
body.menu-open{overflow:hidden}
[hidden]{display:none!important}
.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}
.site-header{position:sticky;top:-100px;z-index:50;background:#fff}
.masthead{height:100px;padding:20px 0;gap:30px}
.masthead-right{text-align:right;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:27px}
.editorial-phrase{font-size:11px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.14em;max-width:260px}
.motion-toggle{font-size:11px;line-height:1.4;color:var(--muted);background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:20px;padding:7px 12px;white-space:nowrap}
.motion-toggle:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue)}
.navline{background:#ffffffed;backdrop-filter:blur(16px);transition:box-shadow .35s,background .35s}
.scrolled .navline{box-shadow:0 8px 22px #102f4910;background:#fffffff5}
.nav-inner{min-height:54px;gap:22px}
.nav-mini-brand{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:25px;display:none;color:var(--blue)}
.primary-nav a:after{content:'';position:absolute;height:2px;bottom:-1px;left:0;right:0;background:var(--blue);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left;transition:transform .3s var(--motion-ease)}
.primary-nav a:hover:after,.primary-nav a[aria-current=page]:after{transform:scaleX(1)}
.nav-aside{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.11em}
.private-bar{font-size:11px}
.cinematic{position:relative;background:#18232b;color:#fff;isolation:isolate;overflow:hidden;min-height:620px;height:calc(100svh - 190px);max-height:940px}
.hero-scenes,.hero-shade,.blueprint-layer,.hero-grain{position:absolute;inset:0;pointer-events:none}
.hero-scene{position:absolute;inset:0;margin:0;opacity:0;transition:opacity 1.5s ease;overflow:hidden}
.hero-scene.is-active{opacity:1}
.hero-scene picture{display:block;height:100%;width:100%}
.hero-scene img{height:100%;width:100%;object-fit:cover;filter:saturate(.26);transform:scale(1.07);object-position:center 57%}
.hero-scene:first-child img{object-position:center 48%;filter:saturate(.3) brightness(1.35)}
.hero-shade{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#0b182bd9 0%,#0d1a2980 50%,#0a11174a 100%),linear-gradient(0deg,#0b142baa 0%,transparent 42%,#08172b35 100%)}
.blueprint-layer{inset:24px 26px;border:1px solid #f7f7f224;opacity:.65;background-image:linear-gradient(#ccd9e511 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,#ccd9e511 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:96px 96px;mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent 20%,#000 100%)}
.blueprint-layer:before,.blueprint-layer:after{content:'';position:absolute;border:1px solid #ffffff24;border-radius:50%;width:400px;height:400px;right:6%;top:calc(50% - 200px)}
.blueprint-layer:after{inset:auto 4% 13%;width:35px;height:35px;border-radius:0;border-width:0 1px 1px 0}
.hero-grain{background:url('/assets/concrete-texture.jpg') center/700px;opacity:.035;mix-blend-mode:screen}
.cinema-inner{position:relative;z-index:2;height:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:43px;padding-bottom:29px;min-height:inherit}
.hero-topline,.hero-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:22px;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.12em}
.hero-topline{color:#d4dce0}
.hero-topline span:first-child:before{content:'+';color:var(--copper);margin-right:17px;font-size:20px}
.hero-copy{padding:43px 0 50px;max-width:900px}
.hero-kicker{font-size:14px;letter-spacing:.025em;color:#e4e5e6;display:block;margin-bottom:17px}
.hero-copy h1{font-size:clamp(90px,10.2vw,158px);line-height:.92;letter-spacing:-.035em;margin:0 0 30px}
.hero-copy h1 span{display:block}
.hero-copy h1 em{font-weight:400;color:#e7e3db;letter-spacing:-.02em}
.hero-copy p{font-size:clamp(17px,1.6vw,22px);line-height:1.6;color:#f1f1ef;max-width:450px}
.hero-explore{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:17px;color:#fff!important;font-size:13px;margin-top:34px}
.explore-icon{display:grid;place-items:center;width:38px;height:38px;border:1px solid #ffffff66;border-radius:50%;font-size:21px;transition:background .25s,transform .25s}
.hero-explore:hover .explore-icon{transform:translateY(4px);background:#ffffff18}
.hero-bottom{font-size:10px;min-height:34px}
.hero-controls{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:23px}
.hero-controls button{background:transparent;color:#e7eaed;border:0;padding:9px 5px;font-size:11px}
#hero-play{border:1px solid #ffffff50;border-radius:20px;padding:7px 14px}
.scene-buttons{display:flex;gap:10px}.scene-choice{position:relative;min-width:25px}
.scene-choice:after{content:'';height:1px;background:currentColor;position:absolute;bottom:3px;left:4px;right:4px;transform:scaleX(0);transition:transform .3s}
.scene-choice.is-active:after{transform:scaleX(1)}
.hero-bottom-rule{position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;height:2px;background:#ffffff20}
.hero-bottom-rule span{display:block;height:100%;width:33.333%;background:var(--copper);transition:transform 1s var(--motion-ease)}
.home-main>.wrap>.topic-strip{padding:26px 0;gap:22px;scroll-margin-top:72px}
.topic-number{font-size:10px;color:#8e99a4;margin-right:8px;vertical-align:super}
.topic-strip .eyebrow{font-size:10px;margin-right:4px}
.topic-strip a{transition:color .25s;font-size:13px}
.editorial-feature{padding:68px 0;grid-template-columns:46% 54%;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.editorial-feature .feature-copy{padding-right:55px}
.editorial-feature h2{font-size:clamp(44px,4.4vw,65px);margin:26px 0 22px;line-height:1.03}
.editorial-feature h2 em{color:var(--blue)}
.editorial-feature .feature-visual{min-height:450px;background:var(--stone);transition:box-shadow .5s var(--motion-ease)}
.editorial-feature .feature-visual:hover{box-shadow:12px 15px 0 var(--paper)}
.figure-corner{position:absolute;top:20px;right:23px;color:white;font:43px/1 var(--serif);opacity:.85}
.parallax-frame{overflow:hidden}.parallax-frame img{height:110%;top:-5%;will-change:transform}
.section-head h2{font-size:39px}.section-head .eyebrow{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:10px}
.perspectives-section{padding:55px 0 65px}
.article-card{position:relative;padding-bottom:21px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);transition:box-shadow .35s}
.article-card:after{content:'';position:absolute;bottom:-1px;left:0;width:100%;height:2px;background:var(--blue);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left;transition:transform .5s var(--motion-ease)}
.article-card:hover:after,.article-card:focus-within:after{transform:scaleX(1)}
.article-card .card-visual{height:230px;position:relative;margin-bottom:22px}
.article-card .card-visual picture{height:100%;display:block}
.article-card img{transition:transform .8s var(--motion-ease),filter .8s;filter:saturate(.5)}
.article-card:hover img{transform:scale(1.035);filter:saturate(.75)}
.article-card h3 a{transition:color .3s}.article-card:hover h3 a{color:var(--blue)}
.article-card h3{font-size:31px}.article-card .eyebrow{font-size:10px}
.article-card .draft{font-size:10px}
.lens-section{background:var(--paper);padding:78px 0;position:relative;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.lens-section:before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(#123f7208 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:100% 48px;pointer-events:none}
.lens-layout{position:relative;display:grid;grid-template-columns:.83fr 1.17fr;gap:80px;align-items:center}
.lens-copy h2{font-size:clamp(40px,4.1vw,61px);margin:23px 0 24px;line-height:1.06}
.lens-copy h2 em{color:var(--blue)}
.lens-copy>p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.85;color:var(--muted);max-width:400px}
.lens-copy .lens-note{font-size:12px;max-width:335px;margin-top:23px}
.lens-legend{margin-top:24px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px;font-size:12px;color:#4b5761}
.lens-legend i{display:inline-block;width:6px;height:6px;border:1px solid var(--copper);margin-right:8px}
.lens-instrument{min-width:0}
.specimen-heading{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.1em;color:var(--blue);padding-bottom:11px}
.lens-stage{height:410px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;background:#d5d7d3;border:1px solid #c4c9c9;cursor:crosshair;touch-action:pan-y}
.lens-stage picture,.lens-stage img{height:100%;width:100%;display:block;object-fit:cover}
.lens-crosshair{position:absolute;inset:18px;border:1px solid #123f7240;pointer-events:none}
.lens-crosshair:before,.lens-crosshair:after{content:'';position:absolute;inset:50% 0 auto;height:1px;background:#123f7220}
.lens-crosshair:after{inset:0 auto 0 50%;height:auto;width:1px}
.texture-loupe{--diameter:180px;position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;width:var(--diameter);height:var(--diameter);transform:translate(-50%,-50%);border:2px solid #f9f6ed;outline:1px solid var(--copper);border-radius:50%;background-image:url('/assets/concrete-texture.jpg');background-size:1200px 900px;background-position:center;box-shadow:0 15px 30px #17263238,0 0 0 7px #ffffff1f;pointer-events:none;will-change:left,top}
.loupe-label{position:absolute;bottom:18px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);white-space:nowrap;background:var(--navy);color:white;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.07em;padding:3px 8px}
.specimen-coordinate{position:absolute;bottom:30px;left:30px;font-size:11px;color:var(--blue);letter-spacing:.1em}
.lens-controls{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:15px;font-size:12px;margin-top:17px;white-space:nowrap}
.lens-controls label{min-width:85px}.lens-controls input{min-width:0;width:100%;accent-color:var(--blue)}
#lens-position-value{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;width:35px;text-align:right}
#lens-help{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:9px}
.notebook-workbench{grid-template-columns:1.35fr 1fr;gap:75px;border-top:0;padding:73px 0 80px}
.notebook-section .section-head{align-items:flex-end}.notebook-section h2{max-width:340px}
.notebook-timeline{position:relative;margin-top:30px}
.notebook-timeline:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:30px;top:0;bottom:0;width:1px;background:var(--line)}
.notebook-entry{position:relative;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:0;margin:0}
.notebook-entry summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;display:grid;grid-template-columns:72px 1fr 19px;gap:17px;align-items:start;padding:22px 0;position:relative}
summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.notebook-entry summary:hover h3,.notebook-entry summary:hover h2{color:var(--blue)}
.notebook-entry .note-date{background:white;position:relative;padding:3px 0 6px;text-align:center;width:62px;font-size:10px}
.notebook-entry .note-date strong{font-size:31px}
.notebook-entry h3{font:500 16px/1.5 var(--sans);margin:9px 0 0}
.note-toggle{color:var(--blue);font-size:22px;line-height:1;transition:transform .3s;font-weight:400}
.notebook-entry[open] .note-toggle{transform:rotate(45deg)}
.note-expansion{padding:0 25px 24px 89px}
.note-expansion p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.85;color:var(--muted)}
.notebook-stamp{margin-top:19px;font:10px/1.5 'Courier New',monospace;letter-spacing:.05em;color:#68757d}
.note-permalink{display:inline-block;font-size:12px;color:var(--blue);margin-top:14px}
.workbench-panel{padding:35px;background:var(--navy);color:white;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.workbench-panel:before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(#9fb5cd08 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,#9fb5cd08 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:28px 28px;pointer-events:none}
.workbench-panel>*{position:relative}.workbench-panel .eyebrow{color:#bccce0}
.workbench-panel h2{font-size:43px;line-height:1.05;margin:18px 0}
.workbench-panel>p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.75;color:#cad5e0;max-width:340px}
.bench-tool{display:grid;grid-template-columns:23px 1fr 15px;gap:10px 13px;border-top:1px solid #ffffff30;margin-top:27px;padding-top:23px;color:#fff!important}
.bench-index{font-size:11px;color:#b4c4d6;margin-top:3px}
.bench-tool h3{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.5}
.bench-tool p{font-size:12px;color:#b9c9d7;margin-top:4px}
.bench-tool>span[aria-hidden]{transition:transform .35s}
.bench-tool:hover>span[aria-hidden]{transform:translate(3px,-3px)}
.bench-bars{grid-column:2;display:flex;align-items:flex-end;gap:7px;height:39px;margin-top:3px}
.bench-bars i{display:block;width:24%;background:#9eb4cb;height:100%;transform-origin:bottom;transition:transform .6s var(--motion-ease)}
.bench-bars i:nth-child(2){height:73%;background:#c3d0dd}.bench-bars i:nth-child(3){height:51%;background:var(--copper)}
.bench-tool:hover .bench-bars i{transform:scaleY(.9)}
.bench-formula{grid-column:2;font:32px/1.1 var(--serif);color:#d5dfeb;margin:4px 0}
.tool-status{grid-column:2 / 4;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.055em;color:#b7c7d7;margin-top:6px}
.editorial-heading{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:35px;margin-bottom:26px;max-width:100%}
.editorial-heading h1{max-width:930px;font-size:clamp(45px,5vw,72px);margin:18px 0}
.article-heading{padding-top:45px;padding-bottom:37px}.article-heading h1{max-width:900px}
.article-banner{height:420px}.article-banner picture{height:100%;display:block}
.article-layout{padding-top:53px}.article-toc{position:sticky;top:95px;align-self:start}
.article-toc a{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:13px}.article-toc a:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue)}
.prose{max-width:710px;font-size:18px;line-height:1.9}.prose h2{font-size:37px;line-height:1.13;margin-top:42px}
.reading-section{scroll-margin-top:100px}.takeaway{font-size:34px;background:var(--paper);border-left-color:var(--copper);padding:26px 29px;margin:35px 0}
.reading-progress{position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;height:2px;background:transparent;pointer-events:none}
.reading-progress span{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;background:var(--copper);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left}
.technical-notes{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin:32px 0;font-size:14px}
.technical-notes summary{font-weight:500;padding:17px 0;list-style:none;cursor:pointer;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;color:var(--blue)}
.technical-notes>div{padding:0 0 10px}.technical-notes p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted)}
.technical-notes summary span{transition:transform .3s}.technical-notes[open] summary span{transform:rotate(45deg)}
.related-section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:38px 0 65px}.related-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:35px}
.related-story{padding:28px;background:var(--paper);border-top:2px solid var(--blue);transition:background .3s}
.related-story:hover{background:#edf1f4}.related-story h3{font-size:33px;line-height:1.15;margin:20px 0}.related-story .text-link{font-size:12px}
.daily-note.notebook-entry summary{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:12px;padding-right:40px}.daily-note .note-toggle{position:absolute;right:2px;top:29px}
.daily-note .note-expansion{padding:0 0 27px}.daily-note h2{margin:0;font-size:32px}.daily-note .note-expansion p{font-size:16px}
.notes-layout{padding-top:8px}.notes-layout .aside-note{background:var(--paper);padding:24px;height:fit-content;border-top:2px solid var(--copper)}
.result-panel{background:var(--paper);border-top:2px solid var(--blue);transition:box-shadow .4s}.calculator:focus-within .result-panel{box-shadow:0 12px 32px #1a39520b}
.field input[type=number]{transition:border-color .2s,box-shadow .2s}.field input:focus{border-color:var(--blue);box-shadow:0 0 0 3px #123f720b}
.field input[type=range]{cursor:ew-resize}.bar-fill{transition:width .45s var(--motion-ease)}
.taxonomy-grid{gap:0 50px}.category-row{transition:padding .35s,background .35s}.category-row:hover{padding-left:15px;background:var(--paper)}
.tag{transition:background .25s,border-color .25s}.tag:hover{background:var(--paper)}
.footer{background:var(--paper);padding-top:43px}.footer .wordmark{font-size:34px}
.reveal{opacity:1;transform:none}.reveal.will-reveal{opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px);transition:opacity .8s var(--motion-ease),transform .8s var(--motion-ease)}
.reveal.will-reveal img{filter:blur(2px) saturate(.45)}.reveal.is-revealed{opacity:1;transform:none}.reveal.is-revealed img{filter:blur(0) saturate(.5)}
.is-revealed .meta{transition-delay:.05s}.is-revealed h3{transition-delay:.1s}
html[data-motion=full] .hero-scene.is-active img{animation:cinema-drift 18s linear both}
html[data-motion=full] .hero-copy>*{animation:hero-entrance .95s var(--motion-ease) both}
html[data-motion=full] .hero-copy h1{animation-delay:.08s}html[data-motion=full] .hero-copy p{animation-delay:.2s}html[data-motion=full] .hero-explore{animation-delay:.3s}
html[data-motion=full] .blueprint-layer:before{animation:blueprint-entrance 1.7s var(--motion-ease) both}
@keyframes cinema-drift{from{transform:scale(1.04) translateX(0)}to{transform:scale(1.12) translateX(-.7%)}}
@keyframes hero-entrance{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(20px)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}
@keyframes blueprint-entrance{from{opacity:0;transform:scale(.9)}to{opacity:1;transform:scale(1)}}
@view-transition{navigation:auto}
::view-transition-old(root){animation:page-out .16s ease both}::view-transition-new(root){animation:page-in .25s ease both}
@keyframes page-out{to{opacity:0}}@keyframes page-in{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(5px)}}
html[data-motion=reduced]{scroll-behavior:auto}html[data-motion=reduced] *,html[data-motion=reduced] *:before,html[data-motion=reduced] *:after{animation:none!important;transition:none!important}
html[data-motion=reduced] .reveal{opacity:1!important;transform:none!important}html[data-motion=reduced] .parallax-frame img{transform:none!important}
html[data-motion=reduced]::view-transition-old(root),html[data-motion=reduced]::view-transition-new(root){animation:none!important}
.no-js .hero-controls,.no-js .lens-controls,.no-js #lens-help{display:none}.no-js .lens-stage{cursor:default}
@media(min-width:1400px){.hero-copy h1 span{display:inline}.hero-copy{max-width:1200px}.hero-copy h1{font-size:clamp(135px,10vw,170px)}}
@media(max-width:1050px){.editorial-phrase{font-size:9px;max-width:180px}.masthead-right{gap:16px}.hero-copy h1{font-size:104px}.lens-layout{gap:40px;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.1fr}.lens-stage{height:360px}.specimen-heading{font-size:9px}.specimen-heading span:last-child{display:none}.notebook-workbench{gap:35px}.notebook-section .section-head{align-items:start}.notebook-section .section-head .text-link{white-space:nowrap}.workbench-panel{padding:27px}.article-card .card-visual{height:200px}.section-head h2{font-size:34px}.feature-copy .eyebrow{font-size:10px}.primary-nav{gap:23px}}
@media(max-width:720px){.site-header{top:-89px}.masthead{height:89px;min-height:89px;padding:19px 0}.masthead-right{gap:0}.editorial-phrase{display:none}.brand-note{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:.08em}.wordmark{font-size:29px}.brand{gap:9px}.brand-symbol{width:28px;height:28px}.brand-symbol:after{height:28px;left:14px}.brand-symbol:before{inset:7px}.motion-toggle{font-size:10px;padding:6px 9px}.nav-inner{min-height:49px;justify-content:space-between}.nav-mini-brand{display:block;font-size:22px}.mobile-menu{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:17px;border:0;padding:10px 0 10px 13px;font-size:12px}.menu-glyph{font-size:16px}.primary-nav{position:absolute;top:49px;left:auto;right:-18px;width:min(340px,calc(100vw - 30px));padding:22px;background:#fff;z-index:65;border-left:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);box-shadow:-15px 22px 40px #112c4220}.primary-nav.open{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0}.primary-nav a{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:29px;line-height:1.15;padding:14px 7px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.primary-nav a:last-child{border:0}.menu-scrim{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:45;background:#0e203266;backdrop-filter:blur(3px)}.no-js .primary-nav{position:static;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;flex-direction:row;box-shadow:none;border:0;padding:10px 0;gap:14px}.no-js .primary-nav a{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:13px;border:0;padding:5px 0}.no-js .mobile-menu,.no-js .nav-mini-brand{display:none}.cinematic{min-height:620px;height:calc(100svh - 160px);max-height:850px}.cinema-inner{padding-top:25px;padding-bottom:20px}.hero-topline{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.08em;align-items:flex-start}.hero-topline span:last-child{display:none}.hero-topline span:first-child:before{margin-right:10px;font-size:15px}.hero-copy{padding:40px 0 48px}.hero-copy h1{font-size:87px;line-height:.94;margin:0 0 27px}.hero-kicker{font-size:12px}.hero-copy p{font-size:17px;max-width:285px}.hero-explore{margin-top:29px;font-size:12px}.hero-shade{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#0d1c2bce,#0a18284d),linear-gradient(0deg,#102034b3,transparent)}.blueprint-layer{inset:14px;border-color:#ffffff20;background-size:72px 72px}.blueprint-layer:before{width:270px;height:270px;right:-90px;top:23%}.hero-bottom{align-items:flex-end;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:8px;letter-spacing:.04em}.hero-controls{gap:14px}.hero-controls button{font-size:10px}.scene-buttons{gap:5px}.hero-bottom-rule{height:1px}.home-main>.wrap>.topic-strip{padding:24px 0;gap:15px 20px}.topic-strip a{font-size:12px}.topic-strip .eyebrow{margin-bottom:2px}.editorial-feature{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:42px 0}.editorial-feature .feature-copy{padding:0 0 29px;align-self:stretch}.editorial-feature h2{font-size:46px;margin:20px 0}.editorial-feature .feature-visual{min-height:330px;width:100%}.figure-corner{font-size:34px}.perspectives-section{padding:35px 0 43px}.section-head h2{font-size:33px}.article-card .card-visual{height:230px}.article-grid{gap:35px}.article-card h3{font-size:32px}.lens-section{padding:43px 0}.lens-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px}.lens-copy h2{font-size:43px;margin:20px 0}.lens-copy>p{font-size:15px}.lens-copy .lens-note{max-width:100%;font-size:11px;margin-top:17px}.lens-legend{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:5px 20px;font-size:11px}.lens-stage{height:330px}.texture-loupe{--diameter:145px}.lens-controls{font-size:11px;gap:10px}.lens-controls label{min-width:75px}.notebook-workbench{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:39px;padding:42px 0}.notebook-section .section-head{align-items:end}.notebook-section h2{max-width:220px}.notebook-entry summary{grid-template-columns:58px 1fr 15px;gap:13px}.notebook-entry .note-date{width:52px}.notebook-entry h3{font-size:15px}.notebook-entry .meta{font-size:10px;gap:7px}.notebook-timeline:before{left:24px}.note-expansion{padding-left:71px;padding-right:9px}.workbench-panel{padding:29px}.workbench-panel h2{font-size:43px}.bench-tool h3{font-size:16px}.tool-status{font-size:9px}.editorial-heading{padding-top:33px;margin-bottom:21px}.editorial-heading h1{font-size:46px}.article-heading h1{font-size:47px}.article-banner{height:280px}.article-layout{padding-top:30px}.prose{font-size:17px;line-height:1.85}.prose h2{font-size:33px}.takeaway{font-size:29px;padding:21px}.related-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.related-story h3{font-size:31px}.related-section{padding-bottom:42px}.daily-note h2{font-size:30px}.result-number{font-size:64px}.technical-notes summary{font-size:13px}.parallax-frame img{transform:none!important}.no-js .cinematic{height:auto}.no-js .cinema-inner{min-height:620px}}
@media(max-width:360px){.hero-copy h1{font-size:76px}.motion-toggle{padding:5px 6px;font-size:9px}.brand-note{font-size:7px}.wordmark{font-size:27px}.hero-controls{gap:8px}.hero-bottom{gap:14px}.lens-controls{flex-wrap:wrap}.lens-controls input{flex:1}.editorial-feature h2{font-size:42px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*:before,*:after{animation:none!important;transition:none!important}.reveal{opacity:1!important;transform:none!important}.parallax-frame img{transform:none!important}::view-transition-old(root),::view-transition-new(root){animation:none!important}}
.sequence-paused .hero-scene img{animation-play-state:paused!important}.notebook-timeline:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:30px;top:0;bottom:0;width:1px;background:var(--copper);transform:scaleY(var(--timeline-progress,0));transform-origin:top;pointer-events:none;z-index:0}.notebook-entry{z-index:1}@media(max-width:720px){.notebook-timeline:after{left:24px}}
.hero-grain{background-image:url(/assets/concrete-texture-800.webp)}.texture-loupe{background-image:url(/assets/concrete-texture-1600.webp)}.technical-term{color:inherit;background:#eaf0f6;padding:0 .1em}.hero-copy h1 span,.hero-copy h1 em{display:block}html[data-motion=full] .hero-copy h1{animation:none}html[data-motion=full] .hero-copy h1 span,html[data-motion=full] .hero-copy h1 em{animation:hero-entrance .85s var(--motion-ease) both}html[data-motion=full] .hero-copy h1 em{animation-delay:.18s}@media(min-width:1400px){.hero-copy h1 span,.hero-copy h1 em{display:inline}}
.motion-toggle{font-size:12px;flex-shrink:0}.nav-inner>.nav-aside{margin-left:auto;font-size:9px}.masthead-right .editorial-phrase{max-width:310px}@media(max-width:1100px){.nav-inner>.nav-aside{display:none}.nav-inner>.motion-toggle{margin-left:auto}}@media(max-width:720px){.nav-inner>.motion-toggle{margin-left:auto;margin-right:6px;font-size:11px}.nav-inner{gap:12px}}
.texture-loupe{will-change:transform}@supports (interpolate-size:allow-keywords){details{interpolate-size:allow-keywords}details::details-content{block-size:0;overflow:clip;transition:block-size .32s var(--motion-ease),content-visibility .32s allow-discrete}details[open]::details-content{block-size:auto}}
.prose .sources h2{font:600 14px/1.5 var(--sans);margin:0 0 12px}

/* Keep the single-word Concreterra.com masthead within narrow screens. */
.hero-copy h1{font-size:clamp(44px,9.2vw,142px)}
@media(max-width:720px){.hero-copy h1{font-size:clamp(38px,10.5vw,74px)}}

.hero-copy h1{font-size:clamp(32px,7.2vw,112px)}
@media(max-width:720px){.hero-copy h1{font-size:clamp(28px,7.9vw,56px)}.wordmark{font-size:24px}}
.binder-figure{margin:32px 0;padding:24px;background:#f4f6f8;border-left:3px solid #123f72}
#binder-comparison .viz-row{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap}
#binder-comparison .binder-track{height:26px;background:#e1e5e9;margin:10px 0 22px}
#binder-comparison .binder-bar{height:100%;background:#123f72;transition:width .2s ease}
#binder-comparison .form-label{display:block;font-size:15px}
#binder-comparison .form-range{width:100%;margin:12px 0 24px}
#binder-comparison .text-small,.binder-figure figcaption{font-size:14px;line-height:1.6}
#binder-comparison #binder-result{margin-top:12px}
.binder-figure figcaption{margin-top:18px;color:#46515b}
@media(max-width:600px){.binder-figure{padding:16px;margin:24px 0}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){#binder-comparison .binder-bar{transition:none}}